集成化供應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理思(si)想（VMI思(si)想-聯合(he)庫存(cun)(cun)(cun)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理思(si)想）:打破傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)各自為政的(de)(de)(de)(de)庫存(cun)(cun)(cun)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理模式(shi)，把供需雙方和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理捆綁在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起，由供方實施對庫存(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理。體(ti)(ti)現原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)：合(he)作(zuo)性原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)；互惠原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)（雙方成本較(jiao)低）；框(kuang)架協議(yi)（目標(biao)一(yi)致性原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)）；總體(ti)(ti)優化原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)。好處：降低供應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)庫存(cun)(cun)(cun)水平，降低成本；使(shi)用(yong)戶獲得高水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)；建立(li)供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)與零售商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)作(zuo)框(kuang)架；組織結構的(de)(de)(de)(de)變革。運作(zuo)方式(shi)：供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)提供包括(kuo)所有(you)(you)(you)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理軟件(jian)進(jin)行(xing)和(he)決策，用(yong)戶也可以使(shi)用(yong)該軟件(jian)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)決策或了解存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)狀態；供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)(zai)用(yong)戶所在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)，用(yong)戶執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)決策并(bing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)，但是存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)所有(you)(you)(you)權(quan)歸用(yong)戶所有(you)(you)(you)；供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)(zai)用(yong)戶所在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)，用(yong)戶執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)決策并(bing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)，在(zai)(zai)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)出(chu)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)前(qian)供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)擁有(you)(you)(you)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)所有(you)(you)(you)權(quan)；供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)不在(zai)(zai)用(yong)戶所在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)，但是定期派人用(yong)戶執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)決策、管(guan)(guan)(guan)理存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)，供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)擁有(you)(you)(you)存(cun)(cun)(cun)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)所有(you)(you)(you)權(quan)。供應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理需要考慮(lv)供應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙伴(ban)關(guan)系，如建立(li)長期合(he)作(zuo)關(guan)系、共同發展等，提高供應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙伴(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)忠誠度。電商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)供應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)服(fu)務(wu)公(gong)司

供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)是指(zhi)產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)和流(liu)(liu)(liu)通過程(cheng)中所涉及的(de)(de)原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商、生(sheng)產(chan)商、分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)商、零(ling)(ling)售商以及消費(fei)者(zhe)等(deng)成(cheng)員通過與上(shang)游、下游成(cheng)員的(de)(de)連(lian)接組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)網(wang)絡結(jie)構(gou)。也(ye)即是由物(wu)(wu)料(liao)(liao)獲取、物(wu)(wu)料(liao)(liao)加工(gong)、并將成(cheng)品送到用戶手中這一(yi)(yi)過程(cheng)所涉及的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)和企(qi)業(ye)部門(men)組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個網(wang)絡。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)一(yi)(yi)般包括物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、商流(liu)(liu)(liu)、信息流(liu)(liu)(liu)、資金(jin)流(liu)(liu)(liu)四個流(liu)(liu)(liu)程(cheng)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)主要(yao)(yao)具(ju)有(you)以下特(te)征：復雜性(xing)、動態性(xing)、響應(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)、交叉性(xing)一(yi)(yi)般來說，構(gou)成(cheng)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)基本(ben)要(yao)(yao)素包括：供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商指(zhi)給生(sheng)產(chan)廠家提供(gong)(gong)原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)或零(ling)(ling)、部件的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)。廠家即產(chan)品制造(zao)業(ye)。分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)為實現將產(chan)品送到經營地(di)理(li)范圍每(mei)一(yi)(yi)角落而設的(de)(de)產(chan)品流(liu)(liu)(liu)通代理(li)企(qi)業(ye)。零(ling)(ling)售企(qi)業(ye)將產(chan)品銷(xiao)(xiao)售給消費(fei)者(zhe)的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)。物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)企(qi)業(ye)即上(shang)述(shu)企(qi)業(ye)之(zhi)外專門(men)提供(gong)(gong)物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)服務的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)。其中批(pi)發、零(ling)(ling)售、物(wu)(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)業(ye)也(ye)可以統稱(cheng)為流(liu)(liu)(liu)通業(ye)。肇慶全(quan)球供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)體系供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)需要(yao)(yao)考慮供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)人才培養，如培養供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)人才、提高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)員工(gong)素質等(deng)，提高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)水平。

在供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)“企(qi)業(ye)A—企(qi)業(ye)B—企(qi)業(ye)C”中，企(qi)業(ye)A是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)B的(de)(de)(de)原材(cai)料供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)，企(qi)業(ye)C是(shi)企(qi)業(ye)B的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品銷售商(shang)。如果企(qi)業(ye)B忽視了供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)中各要素(su)的(de)(de)(de)相互依存關系(xi)(xi)，而(er)過(guo)分注重自身(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)內部發展(zhan)，生產(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)能力(li)不(bu)斷提(ti)高，但(dan)如果企(qi)業(ye)A不(bu)能及時向他提(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生產(chan)(chan)原材(cai)料，或者企(qi)業(ye)C的(de)(de)(de)銷售能力(li)跟(gen)不(bu)上企(qi)業(ye)B產(chan)(chan)品生產(chan)(chan)能力(li)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，那(nei)么我們可(ke)以得(de)出這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)結論：企(qi)業(ye)B生產(chan)(chan)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)不(bu)適應(ying)(ying)這(zhe)條(tiao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)效(xiao)率(lv)。注：“價值鏈(lian)”，它與(yu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)是(shi)同(tong)一(yi)(yi)個觀念。還有提(ti)到的(de)(de)(de)所謂全球運籌管理(li)，實際(ji)上也跟(gen)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)是(shi)相通的(de)(de)(de)，所講(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)范疇都是(shi)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)。國家標(biao)準(zhun)《物流術(shu)語》將其(qi)定(ding)義(yi)為生產(chan)(chan)與(yu)流通過(guo)程中所涉及將產(chan)(chan)品或服務(wu)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)給用戶的(de)(de)(de)上游與(yu)下游企(qi)業(ye)所形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)網鏈(lian)結構。隨著3G、4G，甚(shen)至5G移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)網絡不(bu)斷迭代(dai)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)已經(jing)進(jin)入了移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時代(dai)。移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)，是(shi)利(li)用無線網絡實現供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)。它將原有供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)上的(de)(de)(de)客戶關系(xi)(xi)管理(li)功能遷移(yi)(yi)(yi)到手機。移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)具有傳統(tong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)無法(fa)比擬的(de)(de)(de)優越性。移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)使業(ye)務(wu)擺脫時間(jian)和(he)場所局(ju)限(xian)，隨時隨地與(yu)公司進(jin)行(xing)業(ye)務(wu)平(ping)臺溝通，有效(xiao)提(ti)高管理(li)效(xiao)率(lv)，推動(dong)(dong)(dong)企(qi)業(ye)效(xiao)益增長。數(shu)碼星辰的(de)(de)(de)移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)就是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個集3G移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)技術(shu)、智(zhi)能移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)終端、VPN、身(shen)(shen)份認證、地理(li)信(xin)息系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。

供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)的內(nei)容：涉及五個領(ling)域(yu)：需求(qiu)(qiu)、計劃(hua)、物(wu)流、供(gong)(gong)應(ying)和逆向物(wu)流。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)是以同步化、集成(cheng)化生產(chan)計劃(hua)為指(zhi)導，以各(ge)種技(ji)術為支持，尤其以互(hu)聯(lian)網為依(yi)托，圍繞供(gong)(gong)應(ying)、生產(chan)、物(wu)流（主要(yao)指(zhi)制(zhi)造過程）、滿足需求(qiu)(qiu)來實施(shi)的。21世(shi)紀(ji)全球市場(chang)競爭的特點：1.產(chan)品生產(chan)周(zhou)期(qi)越來越短；2.產(chan)品品種數飛速增加；3.對縮短交(jiao)貨期(qi)的要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)越來越高；4.對產(chan)品和服(fu)務質量的期(qi)望越來越高。傳(chuan)統“縱向一(yi)體化”模式：1.增加企業(ye)投資負擔(dan)；2.承(cheng)擔(dan)喪失市場(chang)時機的風(feng)險(xian)；3.迫使企業(ye)從事不擅長的業(ye)務活動(dong)；4.在每個業(ye)務領(ling)域(yu)都直(zhi)接面臨眾多競爭對手；5.增大(da)企業(ye)行業(ye)風(feng)險(xian)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)需要(yao)考慮供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)理(li)，如(ru)建立風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)理(li)體系(xi)、制(zhi)定(ding)應(ying)急預案等，提高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)理(li)能力。

早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)點認為供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)指將(jiang)采(cai)購的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)材料和(he)收到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零部(bu)件，通過(guo)生產轉換和(he)銷售等(deng)活(huo)動(dong)傳遞到(dao)用戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個過(guo)程。因(yin)此(ci)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)被視為企業(ye)(ye)內部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個物(wu)流(liu)過(guo)程，它所涉及(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要是(shi)(shi)物(wu)料采(cai)購、庫(ku)存、生產和(he)分銷諸部(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職能協調問(wen)題(ti)，目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)為了(le)(le)(le)優化企業(ye)(ye)內部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)務流(liu)程、降低(di)物(wu)流(liu)成(cheng)本(ben)，從而提高經營(ying)效率。進入20世紀(ji)90年代，人們對供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)解又發生了(le)(le)(le)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化：首(shou)先(xian)，由于需(xu)求環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化，原(yuan)來被排斥在供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)之外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用戶、消費者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位得(de)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)前所未(wei)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重視，從而被納入了(le)(le)(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍。這樣，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)就不再只是(shi)(shi)一條生產鏈(lian)(lian)了(le)(le)(le)，而是(shi)(shi)一個涵(han)蓋了(le)(le)(le)整個產品運動(dong)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增值(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理(li)需(xu)要進行采(cai)購管理(li)，以實(shi)現采(cai)購成(cheng)本(ben)控制和(he)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)穩定。佛(fo)山服裝供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)成(cheng)本(ben)是(shi)(shi)多少

供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理需要(yao)考慮供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化，如采用(yong)人工智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)、大數據(ju)等(deng)技術(shu)，提高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化水平和效率。電商供(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)服務公司

供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)指圍繞(rao)關(guan)鍵企業(ye)(ye)，從(cong)配(pei)套(tao)零件開(kai)始，制(zhi)成(cheng)中間(jian)(jian)產品(pin)以及產品(pin)，由銷(xiao)售(shou)網(wang)絡把產品(pin)送到消費者手(shou)中的(de)(de)、將(jiang)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)，制(zhi)造商(shang)(shang)，分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)商(shang)(shang)直到用戶(hu)連(lian)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)功(gong)能網(wang)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)結構(gou)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)經(jing)營理(li)念是(shi)(shi)從(cong)消費者的(de)(de)角度，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)企業(ye)(ye)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)協(xie)作，謀求供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)整(zheng)體(ti)佳化(hua)。成(cheng)功(gong)的(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)理(li)能夠(gou)協(xie)調并(bing)整(zheng)合供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中所有的(de)(de)活動，成(cheng)為無縫連(lian)接的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)體(ti)化(hua)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)概念是(shi)(shi)從(cong)擴大生(sheng)產概念發展來的(de)(de)，它(ta)將(jiang)企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產活動進(jin)行(xing)了(le)前伸和后(hou)延。日本豐田公(gong)司的(de)(de)精益協(xie)作方式(shi)中就將(jiang)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)活動視為生(sheng)產活動的(de)(de)有機組(zu)成(cheng)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)而(er)加以控(kong)制(zhi)和協(xie)調。哈理(li)森（Harrison）將(jiang)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)定義(yi)為：“供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)(shi)執行(xing)采購(gou)原材(cai)料，將(jiang)它(ta)們轉換為中間(jian)(jian)產品(pin)和成(cheng)品(pin)，并(bing)且將(jiang)成(cheng)品(pin)銷(xiao)售(shou)到用戶(hu)的(de)(de)功(gong)能網(wang)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)。”美國的(de)(de)史(shi)蒂文斯(si)（Stevens）認為：“通(tong)過(guo)(guo)增值過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)和分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)渠道控(kong)制(zhi)從(cong)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)到用戶(hu)的(de)(de)流(liu)就是(shi)(shi)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)，它(ta)開(kai)始于供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)源點(dian)，結束(shu)于消費的(de)(de)終點(dian)。”因此(ci)，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)就是(shi)(shi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)計劃（Plan）、獲得（Obtain）、存儲（Store）、分(fen)(fen)銷(xiao)（Distribute）、服務(wu)（Serve）等這樣一(yi)(yi)些活動而(er)在(zai)顧客(ke)和供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)之間(jian)(jian)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種銜接（Interface），從(cong)而(er)使企業(ye)(ye)能滿足(zu)內外部(bu)(bu)顧客(ke)的(de)(de)需求。電商(shang)(shang)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)服務(wu)公(gong)司

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